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.TH "DOVEADM-WHO" "1" "May 2026" "e5ac02a" "Dovecot" .SH "NAME" \fBdoveadm-who\fR - Show who is logged into the Dovecot server .SH "SYNOPSIS" .P \fBdoveadm\fR \[lB]\fIGLOBAL OPTIONS\fR\[rB] \fBwho\fR \[lB]\fB-1\fR\[rB] \[lB]\fB-f\fR \fIpassdb_field\fR\[rB] \[lB]\fB-a\fR \fIanvil_socket_path\fR\[rB] \[lB]\fIuser_mask\fR\[rB] \[lB]\fIip\fR \[lB]\fB/\fR \fIbits\fR\[rB]\[rB] .SH "DESCRIPTION" .P The \fBwho\fR command is used to show which users from which hosts are currently connected to which service. .SH "GLOBAL OPTIONS" .P Global doveadm(1) \fIoptions\fR: .P \fB-D\fR .RS 0 .RS 4 .P Enables \fIverbosity\fR and debug messages. .RE 0 .RE 0 .P \fB-O\fR .RS 0 .RS 4 .P Do not read any config file, just use defaults. The \fBdovecot_storage_version\fR setting defaults to the latest version, but can be overridden with \fB-o\fR. .RE 0 .RE 0 .P \fB-k\fR .RS 0 .RS 4 .P Preserve entire environment for doveadm, not just \fBimport_environment\fR setting. .RE 0 .RE 0 .P \fB-v\fR .RS 0 .RS 4 .P Enables verbosity, including progress counter. .RE 0 .RE 0 .P \fB-i\fR \fIinstance-name\fR .RS 0 .RS 4 .P If using multiple Dovecot instances, choose the config file based on this instance name. .P See \fBinstance_name\fR setting for more information. .RE 0 .RE 0 .P \fB-c\fR \fIconfig-file\fR .RS 0 .RS 4 .P Read configuration from the given \fIconfig-file\fR. By default it first reads config socket, and then falls back to \fI/etc/dovecot/dovecot.conf\fR. You can also point this to config socket of some instance running compatible version. .RE 0 .RE 0 .P \fB-o\fR \fIsetting\fR\fB=\fR\fIvalue\fR .RS 0 .RS 4 .P Overrides the configuration \fIsetting\fR from \fI/etc/dovecot/dovecot.conf\fR and from the userdb with the given \fIvalue\fR. In order to override multiple settings, the \fB-o\fR option may be specified multiple times. .RE 0 .RE 0 .P \fB-f\fR \fIformatter\fR .RS 0 .RS 4 .P Specifies the \fIformatter\fR for formatting the output. Supported formatters are: .P \fBflow\fR .RS 4 .P prints each line with \fIkey\fR\fB=\fR\fIvalue\fR pairs. .RE 0 .P \fBjson\fR .RS 4 .P prints a JSON array of JSON objects. .RE 0 .P \fBpager\fR .RS 4 .P prints each \fIkey\fR: \fIvalue\fR pair on its own line and separates records with form feed character (\fB^L\fR). .RE 0 .P \fBtab\fR .RS 4 .P prints a table header followed by tab separated value lines. .RE 0 .P \fBtable\fR .RS 4 .P prints a table header followed by adjusted value lines. .RE 0 .RE 0 .RE 0 .P This command uses by default the output formatter \fBtable\fR. .SH "OPTIONS" .P \fB-1\fR .RS 0 .RS 4 .P Print one line per user and connection. Otherwise the connections are grouped by the username. .RE 0 .RE 0 .P \fB-a\fR \fIanvil_socket_path\fR .RS 0 .RS 4 .P This option is used to specify an alternative socket. The option's argument is either an absolute path to a local UNIX domain socket, or a hostname and port (\fIhostname\fR:\fIport\fR), in order to connect a remote host via a TCP socket. .P By default doveadm(1) will use the socket \fI/rundir/anvil\fR. The socket may be located in another directory, when the default \fIbase_dir\fR setting was overridden in \fI/etc/dovecot/dovecot.conf\fR. .RE 0 .RE 0 .P \fB-f\fR \fIpassdb_field\fR .RS 0 .RS 4 .P Alternative username field to use for querying, as returned by passdb. Only the passdb fields beginning with the \fIuser_\fR prefix are tracked. .RE 0 .RE 0 .SH "ARGUMENTS" .P \fIip\fR \[lB]\fB/\fR \fIbits\fR\[rB] .RS 0 .RS 4 .P Specify an \fIip\fR address or network range, in CIDR notation, to reduce the result to matching connections. .RE 0 .RE 0 .P \fIuser_mask\fR .RS 0 .RS 4 .P List only users whose login name matches the \fIuser_mask\fR, or the alternative username (user_* field) if the \fB-f\fR parameter is used. It's also possible to use wildcards in the \fIuser\fR name. .RE 0 .RE 0 .SH "EXAMPLE" .P Show authenticated sessions, filtered by the client's IP address: .P .RS 2 .nf doveadm who ::1 .fi .RE .P .RS 2 .nf username # proto (pids) (ips) jane 2 imap (30155 30412) (::1) $ doveadm who 192.0.2.0/24 username # proto (pids) (ips) john@example.com 1 imap (30257) (192.0.2.34) .fi .RE .P Show authenticated sessions, filtered by username: .P .RS 2 .nf doveadm who pvo .fi .RE .P .RS 2 .nf username # proto (pids) (ips) pvo 1 sieve (30343) (fd95:4eed:38ba::25) pvo 4 imap (25693 25686 25679 25669) (fd95:4eed:38ba::25) $ doveadm who ja\[rs]* username # proto (pids) (ips) james 1 imap (30091) (127.0.0.1) jane 2 imap (30155 30412) (::1) .fi .RE .SH "REPORTING BUGS" .P Report bugs, including \fIdoveconf -n\fR output, to the Dovecot Mailing List \fI\(ladovecot@dovecot.org\(ra\fR. Information about reporting bugs is available at: \fI\(lahttps://dovecot.org/bugreport.html\(ra\fR .SH "SEE ALSO" .P doveadm(1)